Variations in haematological parameters in obese, sedentary, aerobic- training and resistance-training populations

Abstract

Aim: Although physical activity has a considerable impact on various laboratory markers, evidence on haematological alterations, cardiovascular risk factors and inflammatory mediators after resistance-training is limited. The aim of this study is to investigate alterations in hematological parameters among populations engaging in obesity, sedentary behaviour, aerobic exercise, and resistance training. Material and Methods: A study with 122 male volunteers aged 18-45 divided into four groups based on exercise type and Body Mass Index. It compared blood parameters of resistance exercisers to normal-weight sedentary, overweight/obese individuals, and normal-weight aerobic exercisers. Blood count included RBC, HCT, leukocytes, reticulocyte, platelet counts, hemoglobin, MCV, MCH, RDW, and MPV. Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) were determined based on hemogram. Results: Monocytes and HCT levels were significantly higher in resistance exercisers, whereas MPV and MCHC levels were significantly lower. It is also noteworthy that resistance training does not alter any of the inflammatory indices. Discussion: Resistance training may have negative effects on individuals at cardiovascular risk, but it was found to be advantageous for athletes or sedentary adults with a good vascular endothelium to raise HCT and, possibly, enhance tissue blood supply by inducing vasodilation. Furthermore, extended resistance workouts did not enhance the inflammatory indices measured in the blood, and it was proven to be critical for the body's defence because they increase the number of monocytes, which subsequently spread to the tissues as macrophages.